The dimensional tolerances.
The form and the size of a drawing object are usually considered the “ideal” conditions, which cannot be absolutely precise.
Why use the dimensional tolerance?
The manufacturing processes have always geometric or dimensional errors. In the drawing, it is necessary to indicate the maximum permitted variability (also known as tolerances) within which you can accept the pieces. The use of tolerances is especially designed to ensure correct components fit.
Given two pieces designed to fit with each other, (e.g. a cylindrical bore and cylindrical part) fitting can happen in two different ways:
- The adjustment (when the pieces to assemble are worked together and adapted during installation)
– NB: only for small productions.
- The interchangeability (as the pieces to assemble are produced in quantities (e.g. in batches) and the fit must be between pieces randomly. It will require the definition of limits of variability for the size and shape of the components and tolerance)
– NB: the production of parts is also possible in different times and places. And, further, you can replace the broken pieces.
Establish a dimensional tolerance.
Establish a dimensional tolerance means indicate the limits within which can vary a certain size. How to assign it? Dimensional variability limits (dimensional tolerance) are uniquely determined when you are assigned:
- Tolerance (amplitude of the tolerance field)
- One of two variances (position of the tolerance field)
Conventionally you defines the zero line as the line corresponding to the nominal size.
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